{"id":13437,"date":"2022-01-10T07:01:22","date_gmt":"2022-01-10T13:01:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/?p=13437"},"modified":"2022-10-28T14:25:36","modified_gmt":"2022-10-28T19:25:36","slug":"insights-handwriting-identification-using-random-forests-and-score-based-likelihood-ratios","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/01\/10\/insights-handwriting-identification-using-random-forests-and-score-based-likelihood-ratios\/","title":{"rendered":"Insights: Handwriting Identification Using Random Forests and Score-Based Likelihood Ratios"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"13437\" class=\"elementor elementor-13437\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-486e54b5 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-bottom elementor-section-content-bottom elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"486e54b5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/forensicstats.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/CSAFE116_GS_Med_web.jpg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:9632,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:&quot;library&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;9039f53&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:20,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:0,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:0,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;cover&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;zoom&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:73,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5cf1f077\" data-id=\"5cf1f077\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-69d8758 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"69d8758\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;4c63888&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a957ed0\" data-id=\"a957ed0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c83104e elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c83104e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/handwriting-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-4943\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51e6a015 elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"51e6a015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>INSIGHTs<\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-bef5b37\" data-id=\"bef5b37\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-23543bf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"23543bf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;2d4483f&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e4bda4e\" data-id=\"e4bda4e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b28c31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8b28c31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Handwriting Identification\nUsing Random Forests and\nScore-Based Likelihood Ratios<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2ed8f3d elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2ed8f3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;9ebb77c&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-03eb330\" data-id=\"03eb330\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc5fa66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc5fa66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>OVERVIEW<\/h2><p>Handwriting analysis has long been a largely subjective field of study, relying on visual inspections from trained examiners to determine if questioned documents come from the same source. In recent years, however, efforts have been made to develop methods and software which quantify the similarity between writing samples more objectively. Researchers funded by CSAFE developed and tested a new statistical method for handwriting recognition, using a score-based likelihood<br \/>ratio (SLR) system to determine the evidential value.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b980f7\" data-id=\"1b980f7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd6fbc1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cd6fbc1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6>Lead Researchers<\/h6><p>Madeline Quinn Johnson <br \/>Danica M. Ommen<\/p><h6>Journal<\/h6><p>Statistical Analysis and Data Mining<\/p><h6>Publication Date<\/h6><p>03 December 2021<\/p><h6>Publication Number<\/h6><p><span class=\"\">IN 124 HW<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"jet-tricks-particles-section elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-75d66a6b elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"75d66a6b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;2bebcf0&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-265ed5ab\" data-id=\"265ed5ab\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a3a63a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a3a63a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>The Goals<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-10c04a0a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"10c04a0a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;3898294&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-59a89028 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"59a89028\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5621be77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5621be77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99a05bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"99a05bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Apply the SLR system to various handwritten documents.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-181cd287 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"181cd287\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInDown&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:200}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bd27708 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6bd27708\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-506feaf6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"506feaf6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Evaluate the system\u2019s performance with various approaches to the data.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"jet-tricks-particles-section elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6643162 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6643162\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;2bebcf0&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-920e889\" data-id=\"920e889\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2b4ff9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b2b4ff9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>The Study<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fd17ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3fd17ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>CSAFE collected handwriting samples from 90 participants, using prompts of various lengths to get samples of different sizes. These writing samples were broken down into graphs, or writing segments with nodes and connecting edges, then grouped into clusters for comparison.<\/p><p>When comparing the gathered samples, Johnson and Ommen considered two possible scenarios:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0378b87 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0378b87\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;eccd6d8&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-wide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-edd8168 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"edd8168\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-acf43e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"acf43e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Common Source Scenario:<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff205ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ff205ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>two questioned documents with unknown writers are compared to determine whether they come from the same source.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1cb1dfb elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"1cb1dfb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-723fa18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"723fa18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Specific Source Scenario:<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e6001b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e6001b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>a questioned document is compared to a prepared sample from a known writer.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d716357 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d716357\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>They then used <strong>Score-based Likelihood Ratios <\/strong>(SLRs) to approximate the weight of the evidence in both types of scenarios.<\/p><p>The researchers used three different approaches when generating the known non-matching comparisons for the specific source SLRs:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d9fc30 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1d9fc30\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;eccd6d8&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-22bba8f elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"22bba8f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-258154a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"258154a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trace-Anchored Approach:<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81b1002 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81b1002\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>only uses comparisons between the questioned document (the trace) and a collection of writers different from the specific source (the background population).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff6c15a elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"ff6c15a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0dfabb4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0dfabb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Source-Anchored Approach:<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-078ff06 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"078ff06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>only uses comparisons between writing from the specific source and the background population.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e947741 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"e947741\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58a50d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"58a50d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">General-Match Approach:<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-787efca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"787efca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>only uses comparisons between samples from different writers in the background population.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-389d65b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"389d65b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Once the SLRs for each scenario were generated, they used random forest algorithms to determine comparison scores, including a pre-trained random forest using all of the gathered data, and one trained according to the relevant SLR.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"jet-tricks-particles-section elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-536fc10 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"536fc10\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;2bebcf0&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_top&quot;:&quot;triangle&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-top\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M500,98.9L0,6.1V0h1000v6.1L500,98.9z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7444df0\" data-id=\"7444df0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0355cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a0355cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Results<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a6193cc elementor-section-content-middle animated-slow elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a6193cc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;f846ddb&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5bb9f5c\" data-id=\"5bb9f5c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76da95c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"76da95c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc84a20\" data-id=\"cc84a20\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17609c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"17609c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>In common source scenarios, the trained random forest performed well with longer writing samples, but struggled with shorter ones.<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f96bc29 animated-slow elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f96bc29\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;f846ddb&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0c95fe7\" data-id=\"0c95fe7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81227cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"81227cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-121ab30\" data-id=\"121ab30\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea7e949 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ea7e949\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>The specific source SLRs performed better than the common source SLRs because they are tailored to the case at hand.<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6943b9c animated-slow elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6943b9c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;f846ddb&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a6990c2\" data-id=\"a6990c2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-191f4a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"191f4a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-40bf749\" data-id=\"40bf749\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8af3e76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8af3e76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>In all scenarios, it was more difficult for the SLR system to confirm samples with the same source than with different sources.<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"jet-tricks-particles-section elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1f987cd elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1f987cd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;2bebcf0&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e2f748b\" data-id=\"e2f748b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4deceab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4deceab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>FOCUS ON THE FUTURE<\/h2><h4>\u00a0<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8bfe665 elementor-section-content-top animated-slow elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8bfe665\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;f846ddb&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e297bb0 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"e297bb0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a35db16 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"a35db16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"2.94in\" height=\"2.79in\" viewBox=\"0 0 211.71 200.65\"><path 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transform=\"translate(-200.16 -300.12)\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-58fc9ce\" data-id=\"58fc9ce\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5408da5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5408da5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The SLRs do not perform well with short documents, possibly due to a mismatch between the number of clusters used and the length of the document. Future work could determine the optimal number of clusters based on the document\u2019s length.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3aa9388 elementor-section-content-top animated-slow elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3aa9388\" data-element_type=\"section\" 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class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c1db759 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"c1db759\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:200}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc54dbe elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"cc54dbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"2.94in\" height=\"2.79in\" viewBox=\"0 0 211.71 200.65\"><path 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transform=\"translate(-200.16 -300.12)\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b90cebd\" data-id=\"b90cebd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a85a61f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a85a61f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Because the SLRs provide data on the strength of forensic handwriting evidence for an open-set of sources, this approach is an improvement on the previous clustering method developed by CSAFE, which used a closed set of known sources.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cf47294 whitetext elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cf47294\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;0692ee1&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-95d1c0f\" data-id=\"95d1c0f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72681cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"72681cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Additionally, explore relevant publications:<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51cbb4e elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"51cbb4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.link\/ClusteringMethod\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">A clustering method for graphical handwriting components and statistical writership analysis<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.link\/BayesianModeling\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Bayesian hierarchical modeling for the forensic evaluation of handwritten documents<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d5c465b elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d5c465b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;2220c0f&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-385a86e\" data-id=\"385a86e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8224d8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-animated-box\" data-id=\"8224d8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-animated-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-animated-box jet-elements\"><div id=\"jet-animated-box-8224d8d\" class=\"jet-animated-box jet-box-effect-3\" data-settings='{\"widgetId\":\"8224d8d\",\"switchEventType\":\"hover\",\"paperFoldDirection\":\"left\",\"slideOutDirection\":\"left\",\"peelCornerPosition\":\"right\"}'>\n\t<div id=\"jet-animated-box__front-8224d8d\" class=\"jet-animated-box__front\">\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-animated-box__inner\"><div class=\"jet-animated-box__content\"><h2 class=\"jet-animated-box__title jet-animated-box__title--front\">Download<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-animated-box__overlay\"><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div id=\"jet-animated-box__back-8224d8d\" class=\"jet-animated-box__back\">\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-animated-box__inner\"><div class=\"jet-animated-box__content\"><a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-animated-box__button jet-animated-box__button--back jet-animated-box__button--icon-\" href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/CSAFE_Insights_HandwritingIdentification_Final.pdf\"><span class=\"jet-animated-box__button-text\">Download the Insight<\/span><\/a>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-animated-box__overlay\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d01f20e\" data-id=\"d01f20e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6e0f9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-animated-box\" data-id=\"c6e0f9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-animated-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-animated-box jet-elements\"><div id=\"jet-animated-box-c6e0f9a\" class=\"jet-animated-box jet-box-effect-3\" data-settings='{\"widgetId\":\"c6e0f9a\",\"switchEventType\":\"hover\",\"paperFoldDirection\":\"left\",\"slideOutDirection\":\"left\",\"peelCornerPosition\":\"right\"}'>\n\t<div id=\"jet-animated-box__front-c6e0f9a\" class=\"jet-animated-box__front\">\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-animated-box__inner\"><div class=\"jet-animated-box__content\"><h2 class=\"jet-animated-box__title jet-animated-box__title--front\">FULL Study<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-animated-box__overlay\"><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div id=\"jet-animated-box__back-c6e0f9a\" class=\"jet-animated-box__back\">\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-animated-box__inner\"><div class=\"jet-animated-box__content\"><a class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-animated-box__button jet-animated-box__button--back jet-animated-box__button--icon-\" href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/portfolio\/handwriting-identification-using-random-forests-and-score-based-likelihood-ratios\/\"><span class=\"jet-animated-box__button-text\">Access the Full Research Study<\/span><\/a>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-animated-box__overlay\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7a83ab58 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7a83ab58\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;1b40cf4&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c0d2ed2\" data-id=\"1c0d2ed2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13042ec4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13042ec4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>More Insights<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79ad2b7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-posts\" data-id=\"79ad2b7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;columns&quot;:&quot;4&quot;,&quot;slides_to_scroll&quot;:&quot;4&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"jet-posts.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-posts jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-carousel elementor-slick-slider\" data-slider_options=\"{&quot;autoplaySpeed&quot;:5000,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;infinite&quot;:true,&quot;pauseOnHover&quot;:false,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;arrows&quot;:true,&quot;dots&quot;:false,&quot;slidesToScroll&quot;:4,&quot;prevArrow&quot;:&quot;.jet-posts__prev-arrow-79ad2b7e&quot;,&quot;nextArrow&quot;:&quot;.jet-posts__next-arrow-79ad2b7e&quot;,&quot;rtl&quot;:false}\" dir=\"ltr\"><div class=\"jet-posts col-row \"><div class=\"jet-posts__prev-arrow-79ad2b7e jet-arrow prev-arrow\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-angle-left\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__next-arrow-79ad2b7e jet-arrow next-arrow\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-angle-right\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/10\/11\/insights-surveying-practicing-firearms-examiners\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/featuredimage_implementation-01-01.jpg\" alt=\"Insights: Surveying Practicing Firearms Examiners\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1304\" height=\"579\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/10\/11\/insights-surveying-practicing-firearms-examiners\/\" target=\"\">Insights: Surveying Practicing Firearms Examiners<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/10\/11\/insights-surveying-practicing-firearms-examiners\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/03\/01\/insights-the-effect-of-image-descriptors-on-the-performance-of-classifiers-of-footwear-outsole-image-pairs\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/featuredimage_footprint-01.jpg\" alt=\"Insights: The Effect of Image Descriptors on the Performance of Classifiers of Footwear Outsole Image Pairs\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1304\" height=\"579\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/03\/01\/insights-the-effect-of-image-descriptors-on-the-performance-of-classifiers-of-footwear-outsole-image-pairs\/\" target=\"\">Insights: The Effect of Image Descriptors on the Performance of Classifiers of Footwear Outsole Image Pairs<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/03\/01\/insights-the-effect-of-image-descriptors-on-the-performance-of-classifiers-of-footwear-outsole-image-pairs\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/02\/20\/insights-score-based-likelihood-ratios-for-camera-device-identification\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/featuredimage_statistics.png\" alt=\"Insights: Score-Based Likelihood Ratios for Camera Device Identification\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"355\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/02\/20\/insights-score-based-likelihood-ratios-for-camera-device-identification\/\" target=\"\">Insights: Score-Based Likelihood Ratios for Camera Device Identification<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/02\/20\/insights-score-based-likelihood-ratios-for-camera-device-identification\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/02\/05\/insights-a-practical-tool-for-information-management-in-forensic-decisions\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/featuredimage_implementation-01-01.jpg\" alt=\"Insights: A Practical Tool for Information Management in Forensic Decisions\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1304\" height=\"579\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/02\/05\/insights-a-practical-tool-for-information-management-in-forensic-decisions\/\" target=\"\">Insights: A Practical Tool for Information Management in Forensic Decisions<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/02\/05\/insights-a-practical-tool-for-information-management-in-forensic-decisions\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/01\/10\/insights-handwriting-identification-using-random-forests-and-score-based-likelihood-ratios\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/featuredimage_handwriting-01.png\" alt=\"Insights: Handwriting Identification Using Random Forests and Score-Based Likelihood Ratios\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"652\" height=\"290\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/01\/10\/insights-handwriting-identification-using-random-forests-and-score-based-likelihood-ratios\/\" target=\"\">Insights: Handwriting Identification Using Random Forests and Score-Based Likelihood Ratios<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/01\/10\/insights-handwriting-identification-using-random-forests-and-score-based-likelihood-ratios\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/11\/21\/insights-using-the-likelihood-ratio-in-bloodstain-pattern-analysis\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/featuredimage_bloodstain-01-01.png\" alt=\"Insights: Using the Likelihood Ratio in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"652\" height=\"290\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/11\/21\/insights-using-the-likelihood-ratio-in-bloodstain-pattern-analysis\/\" target=\"\">Insights: Using the Likelihood Ratio in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/11\/21\/insights-using-the-likelihood-ratio-in-bloodstain-pattern-analysis\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/06\/02\/insights-latent-print-quality-in-blind-proficiency-testing\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/featuredimage_latentprint-01.jpg\" alt=\"Insights: Latent Print Quality in Blind Proficiency Testing\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1304\" height=\"579\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/06\/02\/insights-latent-print-quality-in-blind-proficiency-testing\/\" target=\"\">Insights: Latent Print Quality in Blind Proficiency Testing<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/06\/02\/insights-latent-print-quality-in-blind-proficiency-testing\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/05\/13\/insights-recognition-of-overlapping-elliptical-objects-in-a-binary-image\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/featuredimage_bloodstain-01-01.png\" alt=\"Insights: Recognition of Overlapping Elliptical Objects in a Binary Image\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"652\" height=\"290\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/05\/13\/insights-recognition-of-overlapping-elliptical-objects-in-a-binary-image\/\" target=\"\">Insights: Recognition of Overlapping Elliptical Objects in a Binary Image<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/05\/13\/insights-recognition-of-overlapping-elliptical-objects-in-a-binary-image\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/04\/22\/insights-mt-everest-we-are-going-to-lose-many\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/featuredimage_implementation-01-01.jpg\" alt=\"Insights: Mt. Everest\u2014 We Are Going to Lose Many\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1304\" height=\"579\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/04\/22\/insights-mt-everest-we-are-going-to-lose-many\/\" target=\"\">Insights: Mt. Everest\u2014 We Are Going to Lose Many<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/04\/22\/insights-mt-everest-we-are-going-to-lose-many\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/04\/21\/insights-judges-and-forensic-science-education-a-national-survey\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/featuredimage_implementation-01-01.jpg\" alt=\"Insights: Judges and Forensic Science Education: A national survey\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1304\" height=\"579\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/04\/21\/insights-judges-and-forensic-science-education-a-national-survey\/\" target=\"\">Insights: Judges and Forensic Science Education: A national survey<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/04\/21\/insights-judges-and-forensic-science-education-a-national-survey\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/04\/11\/insights-battling-to-a-draw\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/featuredimage_implementation-01-01.jpg\" alt=\"Insights: Battling to a Draw\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1304\" height=\"579\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/04\/11\/insights-battling-to-a-draw\/\" target=\"\">Insights: Battling to a Draw<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/04\/11\/insights-battling-to-a-draw\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jet-posts__item\">\n\t<div class=\"jet-posts__inner-box\"><div class=\"post-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/02\/28\/insights-forensic-science-in-legal-education\/\" class=\"post-thumbnail__link\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"post-thumbnail__img wp-post-image\" src=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/featuredimage_implementation-01-01.jpg\" alt=\"Insights: Forensic Science in Legal Education\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1304\" height=\"579\"><\/a><\/div><div class=\"jet-posts__inner-content\"><h4 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/02\/28\/insights-forensic-science-in-legal-education\/\" target=\"\">Insights: Forensic Science in Legal Education<\/a><\/h4><div class=\"jet-more-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2021\/02\/28\/insights-forensic-science-in-legal-education\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary elementor-button elementor-size-md jet-more\" target=\"\"><span class=\"btn__text\">View Insight<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-258cb197 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"258cb197\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/insights\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">View All Insights<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>INSIGHTs Handwriting Identification Using Random Forests and Score-Based Likelihood Ratios OVERVIEW Handwriting analysis has long been a largely subjective field of study, relying on visual inspections from trained examiners to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9983,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[84],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Insights: Handwriting Identification Using Random Forests and Score-Based Likelihood Ratios - Center for Statistics and Applications in Forensic Evidence<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/forensicstats.org\/blog\/2022\/01\/10\/insights-handwriting-identification-using-random-forests-and-score-based-likelihood-ratios\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Molly Doolittle\" \/>\n\t<meta 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